分享几个建站中实用的linux shell 脚本
墨初 操作系统 593阅读
下面分享几个使用linux服务器建立网站常用的linux脚本,对建站是很帮助的。
Linux建站的几个脚本
1、Linux发送邮件警告的脚本
# yum install mailx # vi /etc/mail.rc set from=邮箱地址 smtp=邮箱smtp服务器 set smtp-auth-user=邮箱地址 smtp-auth-password=邮箱授权码 set smtp-auth=login
2、防御dos攻击自动屏蔽攻击的IP
#!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M) LOG_FILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/demo2.access.log ABNORMAL_IP=$(tail -n5000 $LOG_FILE |grep $DATE |awk '{a[$1]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>10)print i}') for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do if [ $(iptables -vnL |grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP echo "$(date +'%F_%T') $IP" >> /tmp/drop_<a target="_blank" href="https://www.bunian.cn/tag/ip" title="View all posts in ip">ip</a>.<a target="_blank" href="https://www.bunian.cn/tag/log" title="View all posts in log">log</a> fi done
3、按天切割nginx访问日志
#!/bin/bash LOG_DIR=/usr/local/nginx/logs YESTERDAY_TIME=$(<a target="_blank" href="https://www.bunian.cn/tag/d-6" title="View all posts in date">date</a> -d "yesterday" +%F) LOG_MONTH_DIR=$LOG_DIR/$(date +"%Y-%m") LOG_FILE_LIST="default.access.log" for LOG_FILE in $LOG_FILE_LIST; do [ ! -d $LOG_MONTH_DIR ] && mkdir -p $LOG_MONTH_DIR mv $LOG_DIR/$LOG_FILE $LOG_MONTH_DIR/${LOG_FILE}_${YESTERDAY_TIME} done kill -USR1 $(cat /var/run/nginx.pid)
4、分析nginx访问日志
#!/bin/bash # 日志格式: $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" LOG_FILE=$1 echo "统计访问最多的10个IP" awk '{a[$1]++}END{print "UV:",length(a);for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr |head -10 echo "----------------------" echo "统计时间段访问最多的IP" awk '$4>="[01/Dec/2018:13:20:25" && $4<="[27/Nov/2018:16:20:49"{a[$1]++}END{for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr|head -10 echo "----------------------" echo "统计访问最多的10个页面" awk '{a[$7]++}END{print "PV:",length(a);for(v in a){if(a[v]>10)print v,a[v]}}' $LOG_FILE |sort -k2 -nr echo "----------------------" echo "统计访问页面状态码数量" awk '{a[$7" "$9]++}END{for(v in a){if(a[v]>5)print v,a[v]}}'
5、查看网卡的实时流量
#!/bin/bash NIC=$1 echo -e " In ------ Out" while true; do OLD_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev) OLD_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev) sleep 1 NEW_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev) NEW_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev) IN=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_IN-$OLD_IN)/1024))" "KB/s") OUT=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_OUT-$OLD_OUT)/1024))" "KB/s") echo "$IN $OUT" sleep 1 done
6、初始化服务器系统脚本
#/bin/bash # 设置时区并同步时间 ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime if ! crontab -l |grep ntpdate &>/dev/null ; then (echo "* 1 * * * ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1";crontab -l) |crontab fi # 禁用selinux sed -i '/SELINUX/{s/permissive/disabled/}' /etc/selinux/config # 关闭防火墙 if egrep "7.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld elif egrep "6.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off fi # 历史命令显示操作时间 if ! grep HISTTIMEFORMAT /etc/bashrc; then echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "' >> /etc/bashrc fi # SSH超时时间 if ! grep "TMOUT=600" /etc/profile &>/dev/null; then echo "export TMOUT=600" >> /etc/profile fi # 禁止root远程登录 sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config # 禁止定时任务向发送邮件 sed -i 's/^MAILTO=root/MAILTO=""/' /etc/crontab
# 设置最大打开文件数 if ! grep "* soft nofile 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF * soft nofile 65535 * hard nofile 65535 EOF fi # 系统内核优化 cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20 EOF # 减少SWAP使用 echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness # 安装系统性能分析工具及其他 yum install gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat if